Part 1: General issues 1. Constitutions and constitutionalism, Olivier Beaud and Yasuo Hasebe 2. Constitutions embedded in different legal systems, Thomas Fleiner and Cheryl Saunders 3. International relations and international law, Anne Peters and Ulrich Preuss 4. Constitutions and legitimacy over time, Catherine Dupre and Jiunn-rong Yeh 5. National uniqueness and convergence/globalization, Zaid Al-Ali and Arun Thiruvengadam 6. Religion and Culture, Javier Couso and Rohan Edrinsha 7. Constitution making 8. Constitutional interpretation, Amnon Reichman and Dominique Rousseau Part 2: Structures 9. Governmental systems, Denis Baranger and Christina Murray 10. Emergency powers, Victor Ramraj and Menaka Gurumswamy 11. The judiciary and constitutional review, Albert Chen and Luis Miguel Maduro 12. Administrative bureaucracies, Hector Fix-Fierro and Janet MacLean 13. Electoral systems, Babacar Kante and MP Singh 14. Federalism and autonomy, Lidija Basta-Fleiner and Jean Francois Gaudreault-Desbiens 15. Minorities, Solomon Dersso and Francesco Palermo 16. Free expression and association, Iain Currie Part 3: Rights 17. Freedom of and right to information, Thomas Bull and Hugh Corder 18. Freedom of religion and establishment or non-establishment, W. Cole Durham and Carolyn Evans 19. Human dignity, Margit Cohn and Dieter Grimm 20. Rights in connection with criminal process, Maximo Langer and Kent Roach 21. Procedural fairness, Sophie Boyron and Wendy Lacey 22. Limits on punishment, Denise Meyerson and Martin Scheinin 23. Rights of non-citizens, Linda Bosniak and Atsushi Kondo 24. General provisions dealing with equality, Ruth Rubio-Marin and Michal Stein 25. Gender equality, including rights of sexual minorities, Wen-Chen Chang 26. Race and ethnicity, Patrick Macklem and Adrien Wing 27. Positive discrimination/affirmative action with respect to gender and race, Robert Cottrol and Megan Davis 28. Social and economic rights, George Katrougalos 29. Property rights, Kirsty Gover and Jeremy Webber 30. "Third generation" rights, focusing on the distinction between individual and collective rights, Roberto Gargarella and Michael Karayanni 31. Cultural and language rights, Bipin Adhikari and Carlos Viver 32. Environmental rights, including rights of future generations, Han Sik Cho 33. State Action/Horizontal Effect, Colm O’Cinneide and Manfred Stelzer 34. Justiciability, Juani Bertomeu and Mark Tushnet Part 4: New Challenges 35. Asylum and Refugees, Michelle Foster and Jonathan Klaaren 36. Sovereignty, Nihil Bhuta and Stefan Oeter 37. Multicultural Societies and Migration, Anna Gamper and Theo Ohlinger 38. Supranational Organizations, including peace enforcement and United Nations, Nicholas Haysom 39. New Technological Challenges, Anita Allen and Thomas Fetzer