Deference in International Courts and Tribunals Standard of Review and Margin of Appreciation

1: Lukasz Gruszczynski and Wouter Werner: Introduction
Part I: General issues/comparative perspectives
2: Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann: Judicial standards of review and administration of justice in trade and investment law and adjudication
3: Ilona Cheyne: Deference and the use of the public policy exception in international courts
4: Benedikt Pirker: Democracy and distrust in international law: The procedural democracy doctrine and the standard of review used by international courts and tribunals
5: Andrei Mamolea: Good faith review
Part II: International investment law and WTO law
6: Michael Ioannidis: Beyond the standard of review: Deference criteria in WTO law and the case for procedural approach
7: Caroline Henckels: The role of the standard of review and the importance of deference in investor-state arbitration
8: Erlend Leonhardsen: Treaty change, arbitral practice and the search for a balance: Standards of review and the margin of appreciation in international investment law
9: Valentina Vadi and Lukasz Gruszczynski: Standard of review and scientific evidence in WTO law and international investment arbitration: Converging parallels?
Part III: European Union law
10: Pieter Van Cleynenbreugel: National procedural choices before the Court of Justice of the European Union
11: Patrycja Dabrowska-Klosinska: Risk, precaution and scientific complexity before the Court of Justice of the European Union
12: Alexia Herwig & Asja Serdarevic: Standard of review for necessity and proportionality analysis in EU and WTO law: Why differences in standards of review are legitimate?
Part IV: International human rights law
13: Mónika Ambrus: 1. The European Court of Human Rights and standards of proof: An evidential approach toward the margin of appreciation
14: Uladzislau Belavusau: Experts in hate speech cases: Towards a higher standard of proof in Strasbourg?
15: Veronika Bílková: The standard of equivalent protection as a standard of review
16: Bernard Duhaime: Subsidiarity in the Americas: what room is there for deference in the Inter-American System?
Part V: Other international courts
17: Chiara Ragni: Standard of review and the margin of appreciation before the International Court of Justice
18: Rosemary Rayfuse: Standard of review and the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea
19: Karolina Wierczynska: Deference in the International Criminal Court practice concerning admissibility challenges lodged by States
20: Diane Bernard: Beyond hierarchy: Standards of review and complementarity of the International Criminal Court

Lukasz Gruszczynski is Assistant Professor of International Law at the Institute of Law Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He is the author of Regulating Health and Environmental Risks Under WTO Law (OUP, 2010).

Wouter Werner is Professor of Public International Law at the Free University of Amsterdam. He is a member of the Dutch Advisory Council on Public International Law, and is an editor of the Leiden Journal of International Lawand the Netherlands Yearbook of International Law.

Contributors: 
Monika Ambrus, PhD, Lecturer in Public International Law at the Faculty of Law, University of Groningen 
Uladzislau Belavusau, PhD, Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Law, VU University Amsterdam 
Diane Bernard, PhD, Senior Researcher at the Belgian National Fund for Research and professeur invitée at the Saint-Louis University - Brussels 
Veronika Bilkova, PhD, Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Law, Charles University in Prague 
Ilona Cheyne, Professor at the School of Law, Oxford Brookes University 
Pieter Van Cleynenbreugel, PhD, Assistant Professor at the Europa Institute, Leiden Law School 
Patrycja D?browska?K?osi?ska, PhD, Assistant Professor at the Center for Europe, University of Warsaw 
Bernard Duhaime, Professor at the Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Québec (Montreal) 
Lukasz Gruszczynski, PhD, Assistant Professor at the Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw) 
Caroline Henckels, PhD, Vice-Chancellor's Post-Doctoral Research Fellow at the Faculty of Law, UNSW Australia (The University of New South Wales) 
Alexia Herwig, PhD, Assistant Professor at the University of Antwerp 
Michael Ioannidis, PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law (Heidelberg) 
Erlend M. Leonhardsen, Research Fellow at Scandinavian Institute of Maritime Law, Department of Petroleum and Energy Law, Faculty of Law, University of Oslo 
Andrei Mamolea, PhD Candidate at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva) 
Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, Emeritus Professor of International and European Law at the European University Institute (Florence) 
Benedikt Pirker, PhD, Post-doctoral Assistant at the Institute of European Law, University of Fribourg 
Chiara Ragni, PhD, Senior Researcher and Assistant Professor in International Law at the University of Milan 
Rosemary Rayfuse, Professor at the Faculty of Law, UNSW Australia (The University of New South Wales) and Con-Joint Professor at the Faculty of Law, Lund University 
Asja Serdarevic, PhD, Researcher at the Centre for European Law, Vrije Universiteit Brussel 
Valentina Vadi, PhD, Reader at the Faculty of Law, Lancaster University 
Wouter Werner, Professor at the Centre on the Politics of Transnational Law, Faculty of Law, VU University Amsterdam 
Karolina Wierczynska, PhD, Assistant Professor, Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw)